第一次世界大战期间英国士兵分居补贴制度研究

On System of Separation Allowances for Soldiers and Sailors in Britain during the First World War

分居补贴制度是第一次世界大战爆发后为保障参战士兵家属的生活而由英国政府实施的一项战时补贴制度。第一次世界大战爆发后,英国对士兵分居补贴制度进行了一系列改革,经历了从慈善机构到政府管理的转变过程。造成这种转变的原因主要有:新自由主义社会思潮的影响、慈善传统与公共行为的转变、适应征募士兵的需要以及SSFA存在诸多问题等。

The system of Separation Allowances for soldiers and sailors carried out by the British Government during the wars was one of the wartime allowance systems whose attention was to ensure the welfare of the families of the soldiers. In order to solve the series of payment problems during the First World War, a series of reformation was taken by British Government, the System of Separation Allowances moved from philanthropic organizations to government control. This transformation mainly lies in elements as following： the influence of New Liberalism; the conversion from philanthropic tradition to public activity; the need of recruiting and plenty of unsolved existing problems of SSFA that had not been supported by politicians.