玉米秸秆还田对接茬冬小麦旗叶光合特性的影响

Effects of Returning Maize Straw Stem into Field on the Winter Wheat Flag Leaf Photosynthesis Characteristic

通过田间试验探讨玉米秸秆不同还田量(0、9000 kg/hm2、12000 kg/hm2、15000 kg/hm2)对接茬冬小麦灌浆期旗叶光合色素及光合特性的影响。结果表明:适量的玉米秸秆还田(9000 kg/hm2)可显著抑制接茬冬小麦灌浆中后期旗叶Chla降解,提高小麦灌浆中后期旗叶Chla/Chlb的比值,有效抑制灌浆期旗叶光合速率的下降,与其他处理相比,其光合速率与叶绿素的相关性得到加强;过量的秸秆还田(15000 kg/hm2),加速了光合色素的降解,使得光合速率下降,产量降低;在各处理中,处理Ⅱ(9000 kg/hm2)产量最高。因此,黄土高原有灌溉条件的地区在常规施肥和田间管理下,以9000 kg/hm2的玉米秸秆还田较为适宜。

The effects of returning different amount maize straw into field（0, 9 000 kg/hm^2, 12 000 kg/hm^2, 15 000 kg/hm^2） on winter wheat flag leaf photosynthesis pigment and the photosynthesis characteristic in the grout stage were studied by field experiment. Determination of photosynthetic pigments used 80% of acetone extraction method directly and the photosynthetic characteristics of using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis detector. Resu straw stem into field was able to significantly restra ts nt showed that Returning this year winter wheat tion, to raise the flag leaf Chla/Chlb in the watery metaphase and late stage, the right amount flag leaf Chla de to effectively re maize gradastraint the photosynthesis rate decrease in the watery stage, to increase the pertinence of photosynthesis rate and pigment compared to others. However returning more maize straw stem into field was able to accelerate the retrogradation of chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate decrease then the yield declined. In the processing, the treatment Ⅱ （9 000 kg/hm^2） got the maximum yield. In the conventional field management and fertilizer, returning 9 000 kg maize straw per hectare into the filed is more appropriate.