小麦优质高产栽培数学模型研究

Study on Selective Mathematic Model for High Yield and Good Quality Cultivation in Wheat

为了探明在高产条件下小麦高产优质的农艺模型以及施肥对小麦品质的影响,采用三因子二次饱和D最优设计方案,选取对小麦产量影响较大的播期x1、播量x2和施肥量x3为调控因子,以每公顷产量y为目标函数,研究小麦生态栽培数学模型。结果表明,影响小麦产量的各因素权重依次为播期x1〉播量x2〉施肥量x3,依据建立的模型,目标产量在7 500-9 000 kg/hm^2时,小麦优质高产最佳农艺方案为：播期x1为10月4日-6日,播量x2为158.20-2 411.63万粒/hm^2,施肥量x3纯N、P（N∶P2O5=1∶1）210.11-299.81kg/hm^2;品质分析结果表明,施氮量与加工品质容重、籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值呈正相关,但其极值为262.5 kg/hm^2,而与磷钾施量关系不明显。

The study was carried out by using the principle of agricultural ecology and the qualified design of three factor square saturated D, in which the factors of sowing date （xl）, sowing quantity （x2）, amount of fertilizer application （x3） were taken as the adjusting factors, and the yield （y） of each hm2 , as target function, Through the study we got a mathematic model for ecological cultivation of wheat. The result indicated that, under the condition of this experiment design, factors affecting wheat yield in experiment region were in order as sowing date X1〉 sowing quantity x2〉 amount of fertilizer application x3 when the target yield was from 7 500～9 000 kg/hm^2 ,the optimum formula of wheat this region was as follows： sowing date Xl from 4th to 6th October, sowing quantity x2 of 158.20～2 411.6× 10^4 seed/hm^2, fertilizer application x3 of pure N,P（N： P2O5 =1：1）210. 11～299.81 kg/hm^2. Quality analyses show： using N quantity was related direct proportion with quantity of volume, nitrogen, wet gluten, but its most number is 262.5 kg/hm^2 , rather than was not related with quantity of P and K.