巨峰葡萄春季催芽过程中芽内内源激素及有机物质变化研究

Endogenous Hormone and Organic Matters in Buds of Kyoho Grape during Accelerating the Germination in Spring

用石灰氮对巨峰葡萄(Kyoho grapevine)进行催芽试验,对休眠解除过程中芽体内源激素和有机物质含量以及淀粉酶活性的变化进行了测定。结果表明:随着ABA含量降低,IAA含量升高,冬芽逐渐解除休眠而最终萌发;在药剂处理后淀粉酶活性加强,淀粉降解为可溶性糖的速度加快,蛋白质含量则先下降后升高,最后诱导大部分的芽都能萌发。该试验进一步证明了GA3、ZR、IAA和ABA含量可能是引起巨峰葡萄休眠的关键原因,而ABA含量水平是引起巨峰葡萄冬芽休眠的最关键因素。ABA含量低有利于冬芽解除休眠。

Kyoho grape was employed as the plant materials. The plants were treated with the nitrolime to release dormancy. And the changes of the endogenous hormone and organic matter contents as well as amylase activity were detected during the dormancy release. The results are as follows. The winter bud sprouting was suppressed with the ABA levels dropping and the IAA levels raising. After the chemical induction of sprouting of the dormant winter buds, the accelerating degradation of the stored starch by the increasing activity of amylase. At first the protein levels drop and then it was hightened. Finally most of the winter buds were inducing to sprout. This experiment proved further that the GA3, ZR, IAA and ABA levels might be the key factors affecting the dormancy. And the ABA level was the key factor causing the winter buds dormancy sprouting. The buds dormancy is easier to be released if the ABA level is lower.