美国地锦入侵特性研究

The Invasive Characteristic of Parthenocissus quinquefolia(L.) Planch

用外来入侵植物美国地锦的水浸提液对几种受体作物的种子进行处理,测定种子的萌发率、根长、苗高和苗重,研究美国地锦的化感作用;对美国地锦的繁殖特性和生物学特性进行初步调查,并根据外来物种入侵风险指数评估体系对美国地锦的入侵风险进行评估。结果表明:①美国地锦对受体植物存在化感作用,能够抑制受体植物种子的萌发及植物生长,并且随着美国地锦浸提液浓度的升高,其抑制作用增强。②美国地锦的伴生物种有小白酒草、野茼蒿、藜、打碗花和野艾,但长势较弱。③美国地锦入侵风险较高,必须严格限制其引入的目的、区域和数量,并要制定相应的措施限制其逃逸和扩散。

The water extract of the stem and leaf of Parthenocissus quinquefolia （L.）Planch was used to treat the seeds of some crops like Triticum aestivum L. ,Brassica campestris L. and Brassica pekinensis Rupr.. The seeds＇ germination percent, root length, height and weight of seedling were mensurated in order to study the allelopathy of the Parthenocissus quinquefolia （L.） Planch.. That is, the propagation characteristics, biological characteristics of Parthenocissus quinquefolia （L.） Planch were preliminarily investigated. Under the risk evaluating index system of the alien invasive species, the invasion risk of Parthenocissus quinquefolla （L.） Planch was evaluated. The results are as follow. ① the allelopathy of Parthenocissus quinquefolia （L.） Planch did exist, and the water extrat could inhibit the germination percent and the growth of the plant. Furthermore, the higher the concentration was, the stronger the inhibition did. ②The associated species of Parthenocissus quinque f olia （L.） Planch were Chenopodium album Linn. , Cal ystegia hederacea Wall. Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC. Gynura crepidioides Benth. and Conyza leucantha （D. Don） Ludlow Raven. ③The evaluating of the ecological risk of Parthenocissus quinquefolia （L.） Planch showed 20. It was a kind of plant who had higher invasion risk. So we must strictly limit the purpose, region and quantity of the introdution, and make corresponding measures to limit their escape and spread.