RNA沉默在植物与根结线虫互作基因研究中应用

Application of RNA Silencing in the Study of Genes Involved in Plant and Root-knot Nematode Interactions

基因沉默或RNA干扰(RNA interferance,RNAi)是双链RNA诱导的序列特异性基因沉默,是转录后水平上对基因的表达进行负调控。随着植物与根结线虫相互关系的研究的深入以及基因工程技术的发展,揭示了基因工程方法防治线虫危害的新途径。最近研究表明,dsRNA基因在植物体内表达,线虫取食这种转基因植物后线虫致病力下降并使植物有效抵抗多种根结线虫。这种转基因植物具有有效低抗线虫危害特性,而且其抗性是广谱的。该文对RNAi的研究历史、植物根结线虫抗性基因以及RNAi技术防治根结线虫的新途径等方面的研究进展进行了综述。

RNA silencing or RNA interference （RNAi） is the process of mRNA degradation that is induced by double-stranded RNA in a sequence-specific manner, and gene expression is down-regulated at posttranscriptional level. With the further investigation of molecular interaction between plant and root-knot nematode （RKN） and development of gene engineering technology, a new way of control RKN through gene engineering is proposed. Recently researches indicated that in vivo expression of dsRNA in plant resulted in resistance reduced nematode infectivity and effective against the RKN species. In this paper, we reviewed the development of RNAi, the application of RNAi in RKN, plant RKN resistant genes and the novel technique of RNAi in resistance engineering.