长江口表层沉积物中半挥发性有机物的分布

Distribution of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in the Surface Sediments of Yangtze Estuary

采用GC-FID方法对2005年11月采集于长江河口区表层沉积物中的64种半挥发性有机物(SVOCs)进行分析测定,并对影响该类污染物分布的主要因素进行了讨论.结果表明:该区域表层沉积物中共检出半挥发性有机物35种,包括多环芳烃类11种,取代苯类7种,酚类5种,酯类3种,醚类2种和其他类7种.其中,属于我国优先控制污染物的有7种,属于美国优先控制污染物的有22种.沉积物中SVOCs的分布未呈现出明显的规律,其分布主要受采样点所处的水利条件、与排污口的相对位置、沉积物颗粒粒径、有机质含量和洪枯季等因素的影响;采样点的水动力条件越弱,与排污口的距离越近,沉积物颗粒粒径越小,导致沉积物中污染物的种类和数量就越多.

64 Semivolatile organic compounds （SVOCs） in the surface sediments of Yangtze Estuary sampled in November 2005 were determined with GC-FID, and the main factors affecting the distribution of these pollutants discussed. The results indicated that 35 kinds of SVOCs were detected, including 11 kinds of PAHs, 5 kinds of phenols, 3 kinds of esters, 7 kinds of substituted benzenes, 2 kinds of ethers and 7 other kinds. Among these pollutants, there are 7 kinds of priority-controlled substances of China and 22 kinds of USEPA. The distribution of SVOCs in the sediments changed dramatically with the position of sampling sites. Their distribution did not show any obvious regularities and was mainly affected by the factors such as the distance from the wastewater discharge sites, the hydrodynamic conditions, the sediment grain sizes, the organic compound contents and the characteristics of the sediments. The farther the distance from the discharge sites, the weaker the hydrodynamic conditions and the higher of the TOC in the sediments, the higher the kinds and contents of the SVOCs.