吸收与融合——元代西夏遗民社会地位及其民族融合的历史考察

Assimilation and Amalgamation—Historical Review of Social Status and Nations Amalgamation of Adherents of the Western Xia in the Yuan Dynasty

元代西夏遗民的社会地位由其所处社会阶层的不同而形成差别,其社会阶层主要由官吏、民户、屯田户、军户、驱口、僧祇户等组成。西夏遗民入仕主要任武职和地方官,其中世代为宦的现象比较突出。军户在元代军户中所占数量极小,民户、屯田户、僧祇户都承担国家赋税,在社会地位上等同于民户;西夏遗民的民族融合主要是文化的吸收与融合,种族融合反而不是主要途径。

The social status of adherents of the Western Xia in the Yuan Dynasty differed greatly due to social stratum they were in. Their stratum was mostly made up of bureaucracy, peasantry, household of garrison fields, household of army, qukou and monks. Bureaucracy mostly was military officer and regional officer featured by members of one family occupying official position for many generations. Household of army was only in a small number. Peasantry, household of garrison fields, and monks were all required to bear taxes. Their social status was equal to that of peasantry. Nations amalgamation of adherents of the Western Xia in the Yuan Dynasty was mostly acculturation but not consanguinity amalgamation.