苦马豆素对鸡马立克氏病血液学指标的影响

Effects of swainsonine on hematology of Marek′s disease

【目的】探讨苦马豆素（Swainsonine,SW）对马立克氏病（Marek′s disease,MD）鸡血液学指标的影响。【方法】将42只尼克T鸡随机均分成空白对照组（A组）、给药对照组（B组）、小剂量预防组（C组）、大剂量预防组（D组）、小剂量治疗组（E组）、大剂量治疗组（F组）和肿瘤对照组（G组）,C-G组试验鸡注射马立克氏病病毒（Marek′sdisease virus,MDV）,构建MD病理模型,A、B组为对照组。感染后6 d,B-D组鸡饮用以灭菌生理盐水稀释的SW,每4天饮1次,B、C组剂量为607μg/kg,D组剂量为1214μg/kg；E和F组鸡于感染后38 d饮用SW,给药途径和给药剂量分别与C和D组相同。感染后14 d开始采血,每10天采1次,测定血液学指标。【结果】MD模型构建成功,各组鸡白细胞总数在感染后14~34 d均上升,其中B-D组白细胞总数在感染后14 d显著高于A组（P〈0.05）,且B组淋巴细胞数显著高于A、D、F和G组（P〈0.05）；G组白细胞总数、嗜酸性白细胞数和单核细胞数在感染后44-84d下降至最低水平,E和F组次之,A、B、C和D组维持正常水平。【结论】SW能促进鸡淋巴细胞增殖,维持鸡白细胞水平,对鸡个体感染MDV具有保护作用。在MDV感染最早期,SW的预防效果良好。

【Objective】 The purpose of the test is to study the effect of SW on marek＇s disease by hematology assaying.【Method】 42 Neika T chicken were divided into blank control group（group A）,administration control group（group B）,mini-dose preventing group（group C）,large-dose preventing group（group D）,mini-dose healing group（group E）,large-dose healing group（group F）,and tumor control group（group G） equally.Cocks in group C-group G were injected marek＇s disease virus for the construction of MD model,group A and group B were controls.After 6 days postinfection,cocks in group B-group D were administered SW diluted with Sterile physiologic saline by drinking,1 administration per 4 days,the SW dose of group B and group C were 607 μg/kg,and the SW dose of group D was 1214 μg/kg.At 38 DPI,cocks in group E,group F were administered SW diluted with Sterile physiologic saline,administration route and dosage were the same as the group C and group D respectively.The blood samples were collected at 14 DPI,1 collection per 10 days,and the determinations of hematology were done.【Result】 The MD model was constructed successfully.The total white blood cells of groups upgraded in the initial stage among 14 DPI to 34 DPI,that of administration control group,mini-dose preventing group and large-dose preventing group were higher to that of healthy control group（P〈0.05）at 14 DPI,the lymphocyte number of administration control group was higher than that of the blank control group,large-dose preventing group,large-dose healing group and tumor control group（P〈0.05）.The total white blood cells,acidophil leukocyte,and histoleucocyte of tumor control group fall to the lowest level gradually in the later stage of the test,and were lowered to that of mini-dose healing group and large-dose healing group,those of group A-D kept the normal level.【Conclusion】 SW can promote lymphocyte proliferation and keep the level of white blood cell,and also has a well protection for chicken from MD infection,that showed well effects for prevention in the initial period.