小麦抗白粉病和条锈病基因的分子标记辅助鉴定

Melocular marker-assisted idenfications of genes resistant to diseases in wheat

【目的】选育小麦新种质N95175和新品种远丰175,并检测其是否含有来源于小麦-簇毛麦易位系92R149的抗白粉病基因或抗条锈病基因。【方法】利用92R149/咸87(30)//小偃6号杂交组合选育N95175和远丰175,并以N95175、远丰175及其亲本92R149、咸87(30)和小偃6号为材料,利用与抗白粉病基因Pm21共分离的SCAR标记及与抗条锈病基因Yr26紧密连锁的SSR标记Xgwm11和Xgwm18,对N95175和远丰175所携带的抗病基因进行分子标记辅助鉴定。【结果】从N95175中扩增出与92R149相同的SCAR标记特异条带,而在2个感病亲本咸87(30)、小偃6号和远丰175中没有扩增出该条带。N95175和远丰175的扩增产物与抗条锈病亲本92R149相同,与2个感病亲本不同。【结论】导入N95175的抗白粉病基因为Pm21,导入N95175和远丰175中的抗条锈病基因为Yr26。

【Objective】 Stripe rust and powdery mildew are two of the most devastating diseases of wheat.Wheat-Haynaldia villosa translocation line 92R149,which carries Pm21 and Yr26,is highly resistant or immune to stripe rust and powdery mildew.The resistance genes of 92R149 were tranferred to new common wheat germplasm N95175 resistant to diseases and new wheat cultivar Yuanfeng175 with good quality and resistance gene to diseases in order to identify genes resistance to disease in N95175 and Yuanfeng175.【Method】 SCAR（sequence characterized amplified region） marker co-segregated with Pm21 and SSR（simple sequence repeat） markers tightly linked with Yr26 was used to detect the transferred genes resistant to stripe rust and powdery mildew.【Result】 The specific SCAR bands co-segregated with Pm21 were amplified in N95175 and 92R149 resistant to powdery mildew,but none was amplified in Xian87（30）,Xiaoyan No.6 and Yuanfeng175 susceptible to powdery mildew.The amplified products of N95175 and Yuanfeng175 using Xgwm11 and Xgwm18 were the same bands as 92R149 resistant to stripe rust,but it was different with two parents susceptible to stripe rust.【Conclusion】 The results indicated that the gene resistant to powdery mildew in N95175 was Pm21,and the gene resistant to stripe rust in N95175 and Yuanfeng 175 was Yr26.