学生自我评价的误区及方法探析——以归因理论的视角

Analysis of Errors and Methods in Students' Self-evaluation——From the Perspective of Attribution Theory

学生自我评价能力是在分析和评价自己的行为和活动的基础上形成的,是个体自我意识的重要组成部分,对个性形成有着十分重要的作用。由于缺乏系统的知识、深刻的价值观和灵活的评价技巧等因素,学生很难对自己作出全面而又客观的评价。学生面对挫折时如果没有得到有效的指引,很可能由于归因偏差而导致自我评价的误区,影响其一生的发展。本文尝试以归因及归因理论为基础,利用归因理论的知识分析如何帮助学生建立正确而且积极的自我评价,促进学生的全面发展。

Formed on the foundation of analyzing and evaluating their own conducts and activities, the students＇ ability of self-evaluation is an essential part of their individual self-identity and plays a most important role in shaping individual personality. While lacking systematic knowledge, a clear value concept and flexible evaluation skills, usually the students are not in a position to give an all-round and unbiased self-eval-uation. When faced with setbacks and frustrations, if the students are not given proper guidance, they tend to have errors in attribution and consequently inaccurate self-evaluation, which may hinder their development in life. From the perspective of attribution and attribution theory, this essay attempts to analyze the methods to help students to form a correct and positive self-evaluation, so as to promote their all-round development.