汉语温度图式所衍生的概念隐喻

Conceptual Metaphors Derived from the Temperature Schema in Chinese

认知语言学的研究表明,基本的意象—图式在概念系统中占有举足轻重的地位。沿着认知语言学的思路进一步的研究揭示,温度范畴是一个重要的基本图式,在汉语中衍生出众多的概念隐喻,对于构筑汉语的概念系统起着重要作用。温度图式在汉语中体现为四个范畴,包括"热"、"暖"、"凉"和"冷"。它们通过八类概念隐喻构筑汉语中的一些抽象范畴,包括疾病、色彩、兴趣与注意力、人或事物的活跃程度、性格或情感、社会地位与权势、困难或危险的处境、知识水平或理解能力。这些概念隐喻与人类对温度的体验存在密切关联。

Research in cognitive linguistics has revealed the crucial role of basic image -schemas in conceptual systems. Further studies along the lines of cognitive linguistics point to the existence of temperature as an important basic schema in Chinese. This schema is manifested in four semantic categories in Chinese, including hot, warm, cool and cold. They give rise to a variety of conceptual metaphors in Chinese, such as disease, color, interest or attention, activity, personality or emotions, social status and power, difficult or dangerous situations, and knowledge and understanding. These metaphors are closely linked to the human experience of temperature in their daily life and play an important role in the conceptual systems of Chinese.