重建语境下的历史唯物主义——兼论哈贝马斯与马克思在历史观上的分歧

Historical Materialism in the Context of Reconstruction——Study on The Different Historical Concept between Marx and Habermas

马克思从自由资本主义时期的社会历史状况出发创立了历史唯物主义。然而,在哈贝马斯眼里,马克思创立的历史唯物主义并不是真正的历史唯物主义。特别是随着资本主义社会从自由资本主义时期进入垄断阶段以后出现了一系列新变化,这些新变化导致马克思创立的历史唯物主义再也不能对晚期资本主义社会作出合理的解释,因此必须根据时代的发展变化,用交往行动理论重建历史唯物主义,使之成为一种社会进化论。但在重建过程中,他实际上曲解了历史唯物主义的基本理论,因此,他并没有真正重建历史唯物主义。

Marx creates historical materialism according to the historical conditions of Liberal capitalism era. However, in the eyes of Habermas ,Marx＇s historical materialism is not the true one . In particular, a series of new changes emerged as the capitalist society entered the monopoly stage from the Liberal capitalism era, which led to Marxist historical materialism＇ s failure to give a reasonable explanation of the advanced capitalist. Habermas considers that the reconstruction of historical materialism must be based on the Theory of Communicative Action with the times changes so that it will become a kind of Social Darwinism. But in the reconstruction process, he actually misinterpreted the basic theory of historical materialism, and therefore, he did not really reconstruct the historical materialism.