番茄显性复花序性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Dominant Compound Inflorescence Trait in Tomato

[目的]探讨番茄显性复花序性状的遗传特性。[方法]以亲本单花序番茄自交系860与复花序番茄自交系HYT及其杂交与回交后代的6个世代为试材,调查亲本及其后代的花序性状和果重,并对F2群体和回交世代的花序性状进行遗传分析。[结果]亲本HYT的复花序性状表现稳定,而860全为不分枝的单花序。花数与果重存在负相关。花数较多的亲本HYT的平均果重较低(24.0 g),而花数较少的亲本860则较高(95.9 g)。F1代的花序特性与复花序亲本HYT基本相同,F2群体中复花序与单花序的比例为3∶1,初步说明复花序性状为显性。F1与亲本HYT回交后代全为复花序,与860回交后代的花序性状表现出1∶1分离,说明HYT的复花序性状由单显性基因控制。[结论]显性复花序基因可提高番茄育种效率,在番茄育种中有一定的应用价值。

[Objective] The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic characteristics of dominant compound inflorescence trait in tomato.[Method] With 6 generations obtained from cross and backcross and their parents of single-inflorescence tomato inbred line 860 and compound-inflorescence tomato inbred line HYT as tested materials,the inflorescence trait and fruit weight in the parents and their progenies were investigated.And the genetic analysis of inflorescence trait in F2 population and backcross generations was made.[Result] The compound-inflorescence trait in parent HYT was stable and there were wholly unbranched single-inflorescence in parent 860.Flower number and fruit weight had negative correlation.The average fruit weight in parent HYT with more flowers was lower（24.0 g）,while that in parent 860 with less flowers was higher（95.9 g）.The inflorescence characteristics in F1 generation were almost the same as compound-inflorescence parent HYT and the proportion of compound-inflorescence to single-inflores cence in F2 population was 3∶1,which preliminarily indicated that compound-inflorescence trait was dominant.All the backcross progenies of F1 and parent HYT were of compound-inflorescence and the inflorescence trait in the backcross progenies of F1 and parent 860 showed the separation with the proportion of 1∶1,which indicated that the compound-inflorescence in HYT was controlled by single dominant gene.[Conclusion] Dominant compound-inflorescence gene could improve the breeding efficiency of tomato.So it had certain application value in the breeding of tomato.