社会经济及自然环境因素对大学生体格发育影响的性别差异

Sex Difference of Socioecnomic and Natural Environmental Factors on Physical Development Among University Students

目的探讨社会经济及自然环境因素对我国大学生体格发育的影响,比较男女大学生之间的差异。方法以上海市某大学学生2524名(男生838名,女生1686名)为研究对象,分析学生家庭人均收入、城乡、纬度、海拔、气温及降水量与体格发育的关系。结果与纬度、气温及降水量相比,城乡因素及人均收入对男女体格发育造成的差异要大;城乡因素及人均收入对身高、体重及BMI产生的影响男性大于女性;纬度、气温及降水量对体重及BMI产生的影响男性大于女性,但在身高方面这种差异无统计学意义。结论与自然环境因素对男女体格发育影响相比,社会经济因素对男性的体格影响比女性大。

Objective To define and clarify the gender differences in undergraduates＇ physique caused by socioecnomic factors and geographic factors. Methods There were 2 524 undergraduates （ male, 838; female, 1 686） taken as subjects. The relationship between physique development and income per capita, urban-rural origin, latitude, atmospheric temperature and precipitation were analyzed. Rrsults Factors such as urbanrural origin and income per capita influenced male and female students＇ physique more greatly than latitude, atmospheric temperature and precipitationdid. Male students＇body weight and BMI were more greatly affected by urban-rural origin and income per capita. Environmental factors such as latitude, atmospheric temperature and precipitation exerted greater influence on male students＇ body weight and BMI than on female students, where-as there was no significant difference in body height caused by these factors. Conclusion The gender difference in physique caused by socioecnomic factors is greater than that eaused by natural environmental factors.