中国城乡发展动力结构调整的思考——收入分配视角的分析

From Income Distribution to Restructure Development Potentiality of Chinese Urban and Rural Areas

近三十年来,中国经济实现了持续高速增长,但增长动力结构失衡。在投资、消费、净出口三大需求对国民经济发展的拉动中,消费率偏低是一个不争的事实。消费率,即消费需求在支出法国内生产总值中所占的比重,反映的是从长期考察的一个国家在其发展过程中所处的历史阶段,而不是短期内国家宏观和微观的经济运行情况。它的高低适中不能用宏观和微观经济运行情况来判定,而是要看其是否与国家或地方的经济发展方式和路径相适应。中国经济发展正处于消费率由低转高的历史阶段,中国消费率的上升是一个渐进的过程,需要从宏观上实现一系列的国民收入分配机理运行工程,即劳动收入的国家干预工程、要素收入的二次分配工程、扩大公共消费工程和加大财政转移支付工程。

China has made a continuously high - speeded economic growth in the past 30 years but the economic structure is out - of- balance. Three demands as investment, consumption and net export, pull the national economic development, however, a lower consumption rate is an undisputable fact which shows the citizens consumption takes a smaller rate in the whole national economy. China is in the process from a lower consumption rote to a higher consumption rate at present. China should take a series of national income distribution projects, including the national disturbing project of labor income, second distribution project of factors income, enlarging projects of public consumption and finance transfer to restructure the development potentiality of the urban and rural areas.