全球气候变暖对武汉作为鸟类迁徙“中转站”地位的威胁

Threats of Global Warming on Status of "Transfer Station" for Bird Migration in Wuhan City,South-Centre China

武汉市位于中国腹地,长江和汉水的交汇处,这里一直是南北候鸟迁徙的"中转站"之一,更是重要的候鸟越冬地和停歇地。由于地处南北过渡性气候,适合南、北候鸟常年生活,再加上"百湖之城"良好水资源条件和湿地环境更为鸟类的取食及营巢奠定了基础。正是因为这些气候及地理条件,所以有很多候鸟在此安家。然而,随着全球气温出现了整体上升的现象,这样的气候条件对鸟类的迁徙、繁殖是十分不利的。本文结合作者及其他学者对武汉鸟类调查的结果与近年武汉市气候状况的比对分析,发现武汉作为鸟类迁徙"中转站"的生态学地位发生了巨大变化,并讨论了全球气候变暖对武汉作为南北鸟类中转站生态地位的威胁状况,阐述了对全球环境保护的建议。

Wuhan City is in the central China where is also the interchanged place for Yangtze River and Han River. The migratory bird from north to south always make here as an important stopover station, and many winter migratory birds stay here for wintering. Due to its transitional climate between north and south is very suitable for long-term living of bird. In addition, this ＂Lakes City＂ has good water conditions and the wetland environments for bird feeding and nesting. However, with the development of society, the global climate gradually becomes warmer, and under this condition, a number of birds can not be well in reproduction and migration. In this paper, the author comparatively analyze the associations between the climate in Wuhan and bird distribution through the investigation results from himself and other researchers. Meanwhile, as the ＂transfer station＂, Wuhan is no longer to be the well migratory place for bird staying, and it means that relative changes have taken place in the status of ecological environments. The threats of the global warming on the status of ＂transfer station＂ for bird migration in Wuhan City is discussed as well. At the end, the authors expresses their suggestions concerning to the global environmental protection.