四川南充高坪机场夏季鸟类群落组成及鸟撞预防措施

Community Composing of Birds and Bird Strike Avoidance in Gaoping Airport of Nanchong

2006年5月～2006年8月，使用固定样线法对南充高坪机场及附近5种生境8条样带进行了32次调查，共记录夏季鸟类51种，分属10目30科。东洋种27种（52．9％）；古北种12种（23．5％）；不易归类的种类12种（23．5％）。繁殖鸟类中，东洋种27种（54％）；古北种11种（22％）。留鸟25种（49．0％）；夏侯鸟25种（49．0％）。根据IV值，对鸟撞影响最大的鸟为金腰燕、家燕、棕背伯劳、白鹭、白鹡鸰、珠颈斑鸠、家鸽、白颊噪鹛、黑尾蜡嘴雀等9种。根据鸟类的分布生境系数，广性分布型鸟类为31种；优势种（D〉10）3种，分别为金腰燕、家鸽和棕背伯劳。根据D值，IV值、ADC值等综合因素分析，并结合高坪机场的具体情况提出了一系列防治措施。

The summer birds were investigated using line transect census methods from 8 samples of 5 habitats in Gaoping Airport and its nearby area during May to August in 2006. There were 51 species belonging to 30 families and 10 orders in summer, in which 27 species （52. 9% ） were the birds of the Oriental realm, 12 species （23.5%） were Palaearctic, and 12 species（23.5% ） were difficult to define the distribution. Among breeding birds, 27 species （54%） were the Oriental realm, and 11 species （22%） were Palaearctic. There were 25 species （49.0%） of summer migrant, in which 25 species （49.0%） were resident birds. According to the analysis of importance value, the most important birds to bird strike were Hirundo daurica, H. rustica, Lanius schach, Egretta garzetta, Motacilla alba, Streptopelia chinensis, and Columba domestica, etc. According to the habitat distribution coefficient of birds, 31 species were euryoecious. The dominant species （D 〉 10） were Hirundo daurica, Columba domestica, and Lanius schach. The control measures for bird striking have been proposed in this paper based on D value, IV value, ADC value and the current environment status of Gaoping Airport.