北京市某社区中老年人对短暂性脑缺血发作认知情况的研究

Study on the knowledge of transient ischemic attack among the middle-aged and elderly people in a certain community in Beijing

目的调查北京市某社区中老年人对短暂性脑缺血发作的认识和了解程度,为健康教育提供依据。方法采用便利抽样的方法抽取北京市某社区的300名中老年人,自设问卷进行调查。结果①300名研究对象中,81名表示发生过类似短暂性脑缺血发作症状,占27.00%;但只有12名曾被医生明确诊断为短暂性脑缺血发作,占4.00%。41名有脑卒中后遗症,占13.67%;其中有26名在发生脑卒中前有过类似短暂性脑缺血发作症状的发生,占63.41%。②192名没有听说过短暂性脑缺血发作这种疾病,占64.00%;181名不知道短暂性脑缺血发作发生后如果不及时治疗发生脑卒中的风险性很高,占60.33%。③227名有发生短暂性脑缺血的危险因素,占75.67%。结论公众对短暂性脑缺血发作的了解很少,短暂性脑缺血发作还没有引起人们足够的重视,说明脑卒中相关的一级预防工作还存在缺陷,提示护士和其他医疗卫生工作者应通过各种途径加大宣传力度,提高全民对短暂性脑缺血发作的认识和了解,为及早控制脑血管疾病创造条件。

Objective To investigate the middle -aged and elderly people＇s knowledge about transient ischemic attack（TIA） in a community in Beijing,and then to provide evidence for the health education. Method Three hundred people were selected by convenient sampling from a certain community and were investigated by a self - designed questionnaire. Results （1）Among the 300 participants, ：27.00% of them （81 cases） reported the symptoms consistent with TIA,but only 4.00% of them （ 12 cases） were diagnosed as TIA by the physicians. Among the 41 residents（ 13.67% ） with stroke in the sample,63.41% of them （26 cases） reported the experience of TIA before the stroke. （2） 64.00% of participants （ 192 cases） reported having not heard of T1A,60.33% of participants did not know that there were high risk of stroke after T1A. （3） 75.67% of participants （227 cases） had risk factors of TIA. Conclusions The people＇ s knowledge about TIA is inadequate,which indicates that the public have not pay close attention to TIA and there is still lack of stroke related primary prevention. This problem alerts nurses and the other health personnel to strengthen public education related to TIA through various means,thereby to improve the public＇s TIA related knowledge and prepare for the early control of cerebrovascular diseases.