全球气候变化对我国西北地区农业的影响

The impacts of global climatic change on the agriculture in northwest China

在比较系统总结全球气候变化对我国西北地区农业影响的主要研究成果的基础上,揭示了我国西北地区现代气候变化对全球气候变暖响应的基本特征,阐述了现代气候变化对土壤水分、地表蒸发和作物气候生产力的影响规律;并且比较全面地概括了西北地区冬、春小麦、玉米、马铃薯、冬油菜、棉花、胡麻、牧草、葡萄等9种主要农作物的生长发育、病虫害、种植面积、气候产量以及畜牧业活动等对气候变化的响应特征,发现气候变化对农业生产过程的影响利弊皆存,而且不同农作物对气候变化的响应特征差异较大。研究对西北地区农业生产具有比较重要的科学指导意见。

In the paper,Based on systematically concluding the main research achievements on impacts of global climatic change on the agriculture in Northwest China.The main characteristics of modern climatic change in Northwest China are presented.Regularity of impacts of modern climatic change on soil moisture,surface evaporation and crop climatic productivity are expounded.Responses of the agricultural activities such as procreation,growth,insect pest,planting acreage and climatic yield etc.of nine sorts of crops include winter wheat,spring wheat,corn,potato,winter rapeseed,cotton,flax,forage,grape in Northwest China to global climatic change is generalized.It is found that impact of climatic change on the crops is not only of advantageous aspects but also of disadvantageous.And characteristics of the response to climatic change are very different with different crops.The research work is of scientific meaning for agricultural activities in Northwest China.