水资源生态足迹计算方法

Ecological footprint method in water resources assessment

Wackernagel创立的生态足迹模型是一种较好的评价可持续发展与利用的方法,但是在该模型中,仅评价了的地表水域的渔业功能,忽略了地下水和地表水作为水资源的其他功能。分析生态足迹模型及水资源的特点后,在其理论框架下设立水资源帐户,并阐述了该帐户的内涵,建立了水资源生态足迹以及水资源生态承载力的计算模型,确定了计算水资源帐户生态足迹所需的3个关键参数即全球平均水资源产量、全球均衡因子和地区产量因子,按水资源利用的一般分类对水资源帐户进行了细分。通过利用该模型对江苏省1998-2003年水资源生态足迹的计算,结果表明,计算结果可以客观的评价江苏省水资源可持续发展与利用的情况,证明了模型的正确性和科学性,从而弥补了生态足迹模型的不足。

Ecological footprint model created by Wackernagel is a good method for evaluating the sustainable development and application of water resource,but the method only evaluated the surface water area＇s production for harvesting fish and other sea food,and neglected other important production function for water resources including surface water and ground water resources.On the basis of the theoretical framework of ecological footprint model,the computational model was built for managing ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of water resources.The three crucial parameters including mean global yield,global equivalent factor,and local yield factor for freshwater resources were determined for evaluating the ecological footprint of water resources.The model was applied to computing the ecological footprint of water resources in Jiangsu Province,China from 1998 to 2003.The results that were in agreement with the real situation sustainable utilization of water resources in Jiangsu Province demonstrated the correctness and scientific of the model.The model compensated the inadequacy of Wackernagel＇s model.