喀斯特山区生态治理区石漠化过程的土壤质量特征研究

Research of Soil Properties During Rocky Desertification Process of Ecological Management District in Karst Mountainous Areas

在全省较大的空间尺度内,对典型石漠化治理区石漠化过程的土壤质量特征进行研究。结果表明:土壤砂粒含量随石漠化发展过程而增加,粘粒含量随其减少;土壤孔隙度、持水能力在潜在、轻、中度石漠化过程中变差,强度石漠化则较好。容重随石漠化过程而减小;与原生林地相比,潜在、轻度、中度、强度石漠化的有机质、全氮等养分含量较低,速效养分与其相差不显著;各等级石漠化中,强度石漠化土壤的养分含量最多,中度石漠化的有机质、全氮等养分比潜在、轻度石漠化略多,但其速效养分较其略低;潜在、轻度石漠化土壤的养分含量最少,速效养分主要来源于施肥。因此石漠化生态治理的主要任务是保证对陡坡地的退耕还林、封禁治理,同时对轻、中度石漠化加强治理。

In the larger space scale, the soil quality features were studied for the typical management areas in the course of rocky desertification. The results showed that： the content of the soil sand increased with the development of the rocky desertification, at the same time the content of the cosmids decreased ; in the process of the rocky desertification for the potential, gentleness and moderate rocky desertification, the soil porosity and moisture retention is becoming worse, but the intensity rocky desertification is better. And oil dry bulk weight is decreasing; comparing with the native groundwater forestry, the organic matter and total nitrogen is lower for the potential, gentleness, moderate and intensity rocky desertification, but the quick nutrient is not obvious. In all the rocky desertification grades the nutrient is the most for the intensity rocky desertification, and moderate rocky desertification is lightly more for the organic matter and total nitrogen and lightly less for the available nutrient than the potential and gentleness rocky desertification. However the nutrient content is the worst for the potential and gentleness rocky desertification, and available nutrient mainly come from application. So the main tasks of the ecological management for the rocky desertification were aiming at ensuring returning land for farming to forestry and closing and protective and strengthening the management of gentleness and moderate rocky desertification.