无线传感器网络应用支撑技术研究

Application and Underlying Technique of Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络的出现,产生了许多新型应用。而为了支撑各种各样的应用,需要范围广且复杂的实现技术。作为一个多学科交叉领域,无线传感器网络方向具有大量的应用及相应支撑技术,需要进行适当的分类整理。基于这种情况,本文首先综述了无线传感器网络的应用现状,然后结合无线传感器网络各方面应用,从计算机学科的角度系统地讨论了无线传感器网络的支撑技术,包括通信协议、定位、时钟同步、能量管理等普遍存在于各种无线传感器网络的基础支撑技术,以及目标识别与跟踪、数据存储、数据融合与无线传感器网络安全等几种典型的与应用紧密相关的支撑技术。

Based on Wireless Sensor Networks （WSNs）, new types of applications become possible, including military applications and industrial applications. To support these applications, a wide range of techniques is needed. In fact, as an interdisciplinary subject, WSNs has lots of applications and underlying techniques, which need a classification and summary. In this paper, various WSNs applications are surveyed, based on which, diverse underlying techniques are discussed from the point of view of computer science, including basic techniques such as communication protocols, localization, time synchronization and energy management, and techniques closely related to applications such as object identification and tracking, data storage, data aggregation and the security of WSNs.