走出混乱——解读《老子》的“无为而治”思想

《老子》一书可视作一本政治学的著作,其目的在于提出让当时的社会走出混乱局面的治世良策。在《老子》中,老子分析了东周时期社会混乱的根源在于统治者实施"有为"的政治。为此,老子认为要想天下太平,人民安宁,其根本方法就在于实行一种所谓的"无为而治",既要求统治者应该谦退不争,清静无欲,与民无事,改变人民的心智和生活,同时又注重为政的技巧。

（Lao Tzu） can be regarded as a pohtical science book, which aims to give a social pohcy that takes society out of the chaotic situation. In the Lao Tzu, Lao Tzu analyzed of the root causes of social chaos in Eastern Zhou Dynasty is that rulers commit Youwei politic. Therefore, Lao Tzu thought if want to keep State peace and happiness for the people; the fundamental way is commit a pohtic so-called “govern of Wuwei”, which required the rules should be modest, indisputable, calm, restraint desire, not to intervene the people, change people＇s minds and lives, and pay attention to the political skills.