医学生睡眠质量影响因素的通径分析

Sleeping Quality and Factors of Undergraduate Medical Students Based on Path Analysis

【目的】了解海南省医学大学生睡眠质量的影响因素。【方法】采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数自评量表(PSQI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)及自制的睡眠质量影响因素调查表,对海南医学院551名大一到大五的本科生进行调查。【结果】①匹兹堡睡眠质量总平均得分为5.74(S=2.78)分,21.42%的学生睡眠质量有问题。男女差别无统计学意义。②通径分析结果显示学习负担和应激事件是睡眠质量差的诱发因素,但不起主要作用,人格因素、年级直接和间接作用于中间变量对睡眠质量产生影响作用,宿舍环境是睡眠质量的直接影响因素。心理疾病倾向的直接效应为0.2650,即直接作用最强。神经质总效应为0.3575,即其总作用最强。【结论】影响医学生睡眠质量的因素是多方面的,应采取综合措施进行防治。

[Objective ] To determine related problems of sleep in undergraduates of medical school in Hainan. [Methods] 551 Hainan medical students were assessed with PSQI（Pittsburgh sleep quality index）,SCL-90（self-rating symptom scale）,EPQ（Eysenck Personality Questionnaire）and a self-administered questionnaire.[Result]① The mean score of PSQI was 5.74 （S=2.78）. The prevalence of sleeping disorders was 21.42% .The difference between of genders was not statistically significant.②Base on the result of path analysis, among all factors we explored, study burden and stress were inducement factors, but did not played main role, personality and grade factors not only were the direct factors but had indirect effect by intermediate variable to sleep quality, while dormitory＇ s environment was the direct factor. The direct effect of mental disorder disposition was 0.2650,so that it was the main direct factor affecting the sleep quality of medical students.The general effect of Nervousness was 0.3575 and the strongest factor. [Conclusion] The influential factors to sleep quality among medical college students are multiple, so synthetic measures should be taken to improve the sleep quality.