转型期农村居民礼物不对称交换的社会分析

A Sociological Analysis of Dissymmetrical Exchanges of Presents in the Countryside during Transitional Period

转型期农村社区中存在礼物不对称交换这一"社会事实"。人情、面子、关系是礼物不对称交换时都会涉及到的问题,但"建立关系"以期获取某种稀缺性社会资源(资本)才是其核心目的。人们乐此不疲地进行看似"不理性的交换"存在等级文化根源和社会结构原因。实现农村社会平等化,需从两个方面入手,即建设社会主义农村新文化和加强与完善制度建设。

There are the dissymmetrical exchanges of presents in the countryside durmg me transitional period. Courtesy, reputation and relationship are the main factors causing the dissymmetrical exchanges of presents, and to establish a relationship is the key purpose to obtain some rare social sources or capitals. The article, therefore, analyses the origins of certain social class＇ culture and the structural causes in the social system for “the seemingly irrational exchanges” on which people are keen at present. The author believes that we need to care and comprehend such a social fact in two ways： to cultivate a new culture in new socialist countryside and to perfect the system construction.