广东韩江三角洲南部农作物氟的累积特征

Fluorine Accumulation in Vegetables and Paddies of Southern Hanjiang Delta, Guangdong Province (China)

氟对人体健康的影响已经引起广泛关注。本文对经济发达的韩江三角洲南部地区46个蔬菜样品和12个水稻(子粒)样品的氟含量进行了分析测试,初步摸清了该地区蔬菜和水稻(子粒)氟含量状况。结果表明,蔬菜样品中除1个芥蓝样品氟含量高于无公害蔬菜标准以外,其余蔬菜氟含量均在安全范围之内;而水稻(子粒)样品氟含量远高于蔬菜样品,且严重超标。另外通过对22个有代表性的灌溉水样品的分析表明,灌溉水中氟的含量介于0.17-0.68mg·kg-1,均未超出2.0mg·kg-1的国家标准。结合有关资料,排除了饮用水型地氟病病因,初步确定水稻(子粒)中较高的氟含量是目前研究区地氟病的最主要因素之一。

Fluorine contents were determined in 46 vegetables and 8 paddies, and most ot them in the vegetables did not exceed the national hygienic standard （ 1.0 mg·kg^-1）. The accumulation of fluorine showed great differences among different vegetable types, and mustard had the highest fluorine concentration in all vegetables determined. But all paddies determined exceeded the national hygienic standard seriously, with the average and highest fluorine content was 22.85 mg·kg^-1 and 31 mg·kg^-1 respectively. Fluorine concentrations in 115 soil samples were determined, and 46% exceeded the national standard. The water-soluble fluorine content varied with the soil characters, and led to high fluorine content in paddies and low fluorine content in vegetables. And fluorine concentration in all 22 irrigated water samples determined were 0.17-0.68 mg·kg^-1, and did not exceed 2.0 mg·kg^-l of the national irrigated water standard. Combined with some scholar＇s study that fluorine content in drinking water did not exceed the national hygienic standard, it was found that there were some relations between high fluorine content in paddies and epidemic fluorosis.