管道工程建设对沿线地区农业土壤养分的影响--以西气东输冀宁联络线为例

The Impact of Construction on Agricultural Soil Nutrients in the Ji-Ning Section of Gas Pipeline Project from West to East

通过对西气东输冀宁联络线具有代表性的19个样点的作业带和非作业带土壤养分状况监测对比,并在此基础上计算工程对土壤的养分干扰指数和土壤养分表底层分布干扰指数,分析工程施工对农田土壤养分含量影响以及对土壤养分的干扰强度,为工程建设后的土壤环境恢复提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)对于土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷而言,非作业带的含量低于作业带,说明工程施工导致了有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷含量的降低。(2)对全磷、全钾、速效钾含量而言,非作业带的含量和作业带差异不大,说明工程施工对全磷、全钾、速效钾含量影响较小。(3)就土壤养分含量干扰强度而言,工程施工对全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和有机质干扰较大;对全磷、全钾、速效钾含量干扰较小。(4)就土壤养分表底层分布干扰强度而言,施工对有机质、碱解氮、全氮和速效磷干扰较大;对全磷、全钾和速效钾干扰较小。(5)施工对于土壤养分表底层分布干扰趋势与对养分含量的干扰趋势基本相同。施工对土壤养分表底层分布干扰强度高于对土壤养分含量干扰强度。为减缓工程施工对土壤养分产生的不利影响,结合施工特点本文在管道开挖、回填、泥浆池处理、地貌恢复、土壤养分恢复方面提出了相应建议。

In the section of Ji-Ning along the gas pipeline of the project from West to East, 19 soil samples were taken from representative spots both in operational region and in nonoperational region to evaluate the influence of the construction of the project on soil nutrients. The disturbance index of the impact of construction on soil was developed to evaluate the difference of intensity of the impact on soil nutrients. The results show that （1） for soil organic matter, soil total N, hydro-soluble-N and available P, their contents in operational region was lower than that in non-operational region; （2） for soil total P, soil total K and available K, their contents in operational region was no more than that in non-operational region; （3） The disturbance index in the content of soil organic matter, soil total N, hydro-soluble-N and available P was higher than that of soil total P, soil total K and available K. （4） The disturbance index of distribution of soil organic matter, soil total N, hydrosoluble-N and available P in the top-layer and the sub-layer was higher than that of soil total P, soil total K and available K. （5） The disturbance index of distribution of soil nutrients in the top-layer and the sub-layer was always higher than the disturbance index of content of soil nutrients. In order to mitigate the negative influence of construction on agricultural soil nutrients, corresponding measures to the procedures of the construction were proposed, such as excavating, backfill, slurry disposal, relief restoration and soil nutrient restoration.