乙炔抑制型基质氮肥养分释放模式初探

A Preliminary Study on the Nutrient Release Pattern of Matrix Nitrogenous Fertilizer Inhibited by Acetylene

将(NH4)2SO4中加入占其纯N质量2%的乙炔前体——电石,用一种疏水性材料将其胶结造粒,制成基质型缓释氮肥,通过土壤溶出实验与作物栽培实验表征其养分释放模式。结果表明,其养分释放模式为扩散控制型,释放模式可看作包膜肥料的非线性组合,疏水材料的物理阻滞力与乙炔(C2H2)的硝化抑制作用能形成较好的"缓释接力"效应,且C2H2的硝化抑制率要优于同条件下的双氰胺(DCD),同时期乙炔处理的作物生物量也高于DCD处理。

A slow-release matrix nitrogenous fertilizer was obtained by （NH4）2SO4 and Calcium carbide bonded and granulated with a certain type of hydrophobic material. Here the content of Calcium carbide, the precursor of acetylene, is equivalent to 2% quality of the N in （NH4）2SO4. The nutrient release pattern was characterized by release rate test in soil and crop cultivation experiment. The results revealed that the nutrient release pattern was a diffusion-control type, which could be regarded as a slow-release relay effect combined by non-linear assembling for encapsulated fertilizer, physical blocking of the hydrophobic material and nitration-inhibition effect of acetylene （C2H2）. Furthermore, the nitration-inhibition rate of acetylene was higher than that of dicyandiamide （DCD） under the same condition, and the biomass of crop treated with acetylene was also higher than that of crop treated by DCD. Therefore, the use of encapsulated calcium carbide performs well to provide a slow-release source of acetylene to inhibit nitrification in soil.