青铜峡灌区氮素流失试验研究

Nitrogen Loss in Qingtongxia Irrigation Area

针对农业非点源污染氮素流失难以监测控制的具体特点,基于单元负荷分析,提出了负荷贡献率的概念,并在此基础上,建立了灌区氮素流失估算模型;利用青铜峡灌区2005—2006年灌溉周期灌排水质监测试验资料,对灌区年氮素流失总氮、硝氮和铵氮流失3种形态进行了估算。结果表明,青铜峡灌区年流失总氮4.11×104t、硝氮2.85×104t、铵氮0.55×104t,铵氮和总氮分别是黄河干流区间点源污染负荷的0.28、1.52倍,对黄河干流水质影响较大。

Agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the main factors that caused water pollution. However, due to the complex of formation mechanism and migration laws, monitoring and controlling non-point source pollution was very difficult. Irrigation areas were the regions with intense human action and the agricultural non-point source pollution problem was very prominent. Taking Qingtongxia irrigation area as an example, through unit analysis, the concept of the contribution rate of the load was put forward and the estimation model of nitrogen loss was established based on the practical monitoring data. The results showed that for annual nitrogen loss in Qingtongxia irrigation area, total nitrogen 4.11×10^4 t, nitrate nitrogen 2.85×10^4 t, ammonium nitrogen 0.55×10^4 t. Ammonium nitrogen and total nitrogen were 0.28 and 1.52 times as the interzone point source pollution load that greatly impacted yellow river water quality.