泰国虎纹蛙与中国虎纹蛙早期胚胎发育比较研究

Comparison of the Early Embryonic Development Between Rana tigrina cantor and Rana tigrina rugulosa

比较了泰国虎纹蛙与中国虎纹蛙在控温条件下的胚胎发育过程。结果表明:两亚种蛙在右鳃封闭期与鳃盖完成期之间有明显的"角质颌出现"的特征,因而在传统分期的基础上增加了一个"角质颌出现期",从而将两者自受精卵开始到鳃盖完成期为止划分为26个时期;两亚种蛙大部分发育时期外形特征基本相同,但八细胞期细胞的排列方式,两亚种蛙神经褶期的神经沟形状、纤毛出现期的神经褶棱高度等均不同;泰国虎纹蛙的发育速度较快,自受精卵期到鳃盖完成期共耗时70.4h,中国虎纹蛙在相同的条件下则需92.5h,但在四细胞期、八细胞期、神经管期和尾芽期,泰国虎纹蛙的发育速度却较中国虎纹蛙慢。

Early embryonic development of Rana tigrina cantor and Rana tigrina rugulosa were studied and compared. The results show that 2 subspecies of Rana tigrina have a character of ＂keratinized beak apparition＂ between right operculum closed to operculum completely closed stage. So ＂keratinized beak apparition＂ was supplied based on traditional developmental stages. The whole development process was divided into 26 stages from fertilized eggs to operculum completely closed stage. The external morphological characteristics of Rana tigrina cantor and Rana tigrina rugulosa were similar in most stages. However, there are a few of differences in the way of arrangement of the cells in the eight-cell-stage, shapes of the neural grooves in neural folds stage and the height of neural fold arris of cilia apparition. Besides, the development speed of Rana tigrina cantor was faster than Rana tigrina rugulosa. The whole time of embryonic development of Rana tigrina cantor and Rana tigrina rugulosa were 70.4 and 92.5 hours respectively. So,developmental velocity of Rana tigrina cantor was faster than Rana tigrina rugulosa. But, the speed of embryonic development of Rana tigrina rugulosa was faster in the four-cell-stage, the eight-cell-stage, neural tube period and tail bud period.