入侵杂草五爪金龙的除草剂植物筛选

Screening botanical herbicide for invasive plant Ipomoea cairica

本文报道了具有化感作用或潜在抑草活性的17种植物叶片水浸液对华南地区入侵杂草五爪金龙幼苗生长的化感作用,以期获得对五爪金龙有较强抑制作用的植物种类,为植物源除草剂的开发奠定基础。结果显示,17种供体植物中有12种能够抑制五爪金龙幼苗生长,抑制强度依次为假臭草>飞机草>黄帚橐吾>艾蒿>披针叶黄华>微甘菊>马缨丹>鸡矢藤>牧荆>南美蟛蜞菊>胜红蓟>隆缘桉。且假臭草、艾蒿、飞机草、黄帚橐吾和披针叶黄华5种供体植物对五爪金龙的4项生长指标均产生显著或极显著影响,其中假臭草、飞机草、黄帚橐吾作用浓度较低,且资源丰富,可成为天然除草剂主要的资源植物。

Allelopathy of aqueous extracts from the leaves of 17 plant species （reported with allelopathy or potential activity of weed inhibition） on Ipomoea cairica （ L. ） Sweet, a main invasive weed in South China, was used to screen botanical herbicide of invasive weeds. Twelve species are found to be effective inhibitors of I. cairica seedling growth, and the order of their inhibiting strength is Eupatorium catarium （Veldkamp） 〉 Eupatorium odoratum L. 〉 Ligularia virgaurea （Maxim.） Mactf 〉 Artemesia annua L. 〉 Thermopsis lanceolata R. Br 〉 Mikania micrantha Kunth 〉 Lantana camara L. 〉 Paederia scandens （ Lour. ） Merr 〉 Vitex ne- gundo L. 〉 Wedelia trilobata L. 〉Ageratum conyzoides L. 〉 Eucalyptus exserta F. T. Muell. E. catarium, E. odoratum, L. virgaurea, A. annua and T. lanceolata have significant inhibiting effect （P 〈0.01 ,P 〈0. 05 ） on I. cairica seedling growth. E. catarium, E. odoratum and L. virgaurea arc important potential botanical resources of natural herbicide due to their lower concentra- tion effect and wide availability.