34份粗山羊草抗白粉病性鉴定及遗传分析

Identification and genetic analysis of thirty-four Aegilops tauschii specimens with resistance to wheat powdery mildew

粗山羊草为小麦D基因组的供体,通过对来自不同产地的粗山羊草抗病性进行鉴定,用离体叶段接种方法接种12个小麦白粉病菌株(E02、E03、E05、E06、E07、E09、E11、E15、E18、E21、E23、E25),鉴定了34份不同产地的粗山羊草抗病性。结果表明:9份粗山羊草(Y170、Y186、Y189、Y192、Y201、Y206、Y212、Y214、Y215)对12个小麦白粉病菌株完全免疫,有3份山羊草(Y126、Y208、Y185)对12个菌株全部感病,其余的材料抗白粉病的部分菌株。田间全生育期用混合菌种鉴定粗山羊草抗性,其结果与离体叶鉴定的结论相一致。粗山羊草Y219与Y122杂交的后代的遗传分析发现抗病基因是1对显性基因控制;Y215与Ae43杂交后代的遗传分析表明抗病基因是1对隐性基因控制。

Aegilops tauschii is the donor of D genome for common wheat. Identification of Ae. tauschii originated from different regions shows great significance in enriching resistance germplasm resources of wheat. By inoculating in vitro the leaf fragments with 12 isolates of Erysiphegramimis （E02, E03, E05, E06, E07, E09, E11, E15, E18, E21, E23 and E25）, 34 specimens of Ae. tauschii originated from different regions were identified. The results showed that 9 specimens （Y170, Y186, Y189, Y192, Y201, Y206, Y212, Y214 and Y215） were immune to all of the powdery mildew isolates. Three specimens （Y126, Y208 and Y185） were susceptible to all of the 12 isolates of E. gramimis, but the others were resistant to some of the 12 isolates of E. gramimis. By inoculating the mixed isolates of E. gramimis, testing in the field during the growing period gave the same results as that by inoculating leaf fragments in vitro. Genetic analyses of the hybrid offspring of Ae. tauschii Y219 and Y122 indicated that their resistance was controlled by a pair of dominant genes, while that of the hybrid offspring of Y215 and Ae43 was controlled by a pair of recessive genes.