RNA螺旋酶与肿瘤关系研究现状

Relationship between RNA helicases and tumor

RNA螺旋酶是在RNA转录后加工中具有重要作用的一类酶。主要参与翻译起始、前mRNA剪接、mRNA转运、RNA降解、核蛋白体生成以及在细胞核内和线粒体内RNA转录后加工等生物学过程。多种RNA螺旋酶在肿瘤组织中表达失调。部份RNA螺旋酶参与细胞分化、细胞凋亡、细胞周期、癌基因表达和肿瘤耐药基因表达的调控,在肿瘤发生发展中具有重要的作用。本文就RNA螺旋酶的结构、功能、在肿瘤中表达和可能致瘤机制作一综述。

RNA helicases represent a large family of enzymes that play important roles in RNA processing. Some RNA helicases are involved in the translation initiation, p-mRNA splicing, RNA transport, RNA degradation, ribosome generation and post-transcriptional processing in cell nucleus and mitochondria. There are examples of dysregulation of RNA helicases expression in various types of cancer. Some RNA helicases are involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, cell cycle, oncogene expression and drug resistance gene expression. These findings validate RNA helicases can contribute to cancer development. This review summarizes the RNA helicases structure, biochemical function,expression in tumor and the possible tumorigenesis mechanism of RNA helicases.