有机肥推广的问题与对策研究

Study on Bottlenecks and Countermeasures of Promoting Organic Fertilizers in Shanghai Suburbs

我国有机肥的生产推广工作在当前以产业化生产和市场化销售为主的推广模式中,存在成本收益缺乏竞争性、有机农产品市场发育不健全以及有机肥质量不达标、推广方式过于单一、农民种田习惯难以改变等问题。本文以上海市为例,考虑到有机肥生产和使用过程的正外部性及由此体现出的公共物品属性,提出应由企业、农户、市场和消费者、政府等责任主体共同参与,从生产和消费两个环节着手,打开有机肥推广的空间。

Organic fertilizers are valued for their key role on the development of eco-agriculture and their positive effects on the land and the environment. This paper studies the status of promoting organic fertilizers in Shanghai, analyzes problems in this work, and then proposes countermeasures. After reading materials and field study, I find the promoting work facing a disappointing prospect because of the bottleneck problems including uncompetitive return, weak market for organic products, poor quality, simplified promoting methods. In consideration of the externality of production and use of organic fertilizers and its public goods arose, the paper points out that the governments, the markets, consumers, enterprises and farmers should have the responsibilities to promote organic fertilizers. The countermeasures should be carried out in both production and consumption.