铝基复合材料的腐蚀与防护研究现状

A REVIEW FOR CORROSION RESISTANCE AND PROTECTION METHODS FOR ALUMINUM MATRIX COMPOSITES

对Cf/Al、SiC/Al、Al2O3/Al三种铝基复合材料的腐蚀研究现状和防护方法进行了讨论。Cf/Al复合材料以电偶腐蚀为主。SiC/Al复合材料的腐蚀多发生在碳化硅纤维和铝基体的界面处,其原因是界面处的缝隙容易导致孔蚀和缝隙腐蚀,并最终可能造成表面剥层。Al2O3是绝缘体,与Al不存在电偶腐蚀,同SiC/Al和Cf/Al等相比具有更高的耐腐蚀性。目前提高铝基复合材料的防腐蚀性能的方法,主要包括铝基复合材料表面阳极氧化防护膜、表面化学钝化防护膜、其他表面涂镀层、增强体表面涂层、基体合金化等。最后展望铝基复合材料腐蚀与防护的研究和发展。

Currently, along with the application of aluminum matrix composites, studies of corrosion resistance would be necessary. From the comprehensive review presented in this article, corrosion resistant properties and protection methods for three materials Cf/Al, SiC/Al, Al2O3/Al are pointed out. There are three kinds corrosion mechanism for Cf/Al composites, galvanic corrosion, hydrolysis of Al4C3, denudation on the interface, the galvanic couples corrosion is standing out. The surfaces between SiC and aluminum come forth corrosion distinctly from SiC/Al composite interface, because in evidence of pitting and crevice corrosion there, which would be formed denudation. Al2O3 is insulator, none galvanic couples come from Al2O3/Al composite, it is higher corrosion resistance than Cf/Al composite and SiC/Al composite.It is concluded that the surface coating on the composites, the reinforcement surface coatings,alloyed in the Al-based were the improvement methods of corrosion resistance. It is valuable to improve corrosion resistance and protection for aluminum metal matrix composites.