板栗空篷发生的主要营养物质的变化

CHANGES OF SOME MAIN NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT COURSE OF EMPTY-SHELL CHESTNUT

为弄清板栗空篷发生的内在原因，迅速提高板栗产量，研究了空篷率（EC）和正常栗（C）在受粉受精、幼胚发育和子叶发育三个时期中，总苞和子房（含胚）内的18种氨基酸、矿质元素和碳水化合物等的含量变化过程。结果表明，氨基酸总量：空篷总苞比正常栗低14．42％，空篷子房比正常栗低38．83％；矿质元素：空篷总苞比正常栗低的元素有钾（－37．5％）、镁（－53．33％）、硼（－38．10％）和锌（－25．63％）；空篷总苞和子房内淀粉比正常栗低7．83％和91．31％；空篷总苞和子房内还原糖比正常栗的低46．15％和13．08％。造成空篷的内在原因是：缺乏某些矿质元素、有机物和促进生长素物质合成的元素，其含量较少，影响板栗合子和幼胚的正常分化和发育。

The fluctuations of amino acid,mineral element and carbohydrate contents inthe ovary and involucre during fertilization,young embryo and cotyledon development inempty shell chestnut and normal chestnut were studied. The results showed that the total amino acid contents of empty shell chestnut in the ovary and involucre were lower14. 42% and 38' 83% than those of normal chestunuts, respectively. Mineral elements,such as K, Mg, B, Zn, in the involucre were lower 37. 5%, 53. 33%, 38. 10%, 25. 63%than those of normal chestnuts,respectively. The contents of reducing sugar and starcho f empty shell chestnut in the involucre were lower 46. 15% and 7. 83% respectively,and in the ovary were lower 13. 08% and gi. 37%, respectively than normal chestnut.Lack of some mineral elements,organic substance in the development process of youngembryo and cotyledon, the syntheses of certain physiologicaly active substance, thetransmission and accumulation of some nutritional substances,are reasons of the occurrence of empty-shell chestnut.