四所高校课桌椅空间设置工效学分析

An Ergonomical Study on Distance and Difference of Desk-chair in Four Universities

学生伏案学习坐姿的躯干和四肢肌负荷很大程度上取决于课桌椅空间设置与学生体格适合程度。本文根据4所高校课桌椅中影响学生伏案坐姿的主要空间设置测量结果，结合我国高校学生体格因素进行工效学分析，结果表明，所测2类4种课桌椅高差除与部分低身材女生体格不协调外，基本符合工效学要求。连式桌椅椅座距普遍过大，与学生体格不协调，尤其是椅面固定的连式桌椅椅座距过大与椅深偏短、椅面水平问题并存，工效学问题突出，应予以更新淘汰。

Biomechanics load on limbs and trunk of students bending over their desks reading depends principally on the correspondence between desk-chair measurements and student's height. In order to evaluate suitability of the desk-chair for the students, the measurements and distance of the desk0chair were masured in 4 universities according to ergonomical rule. The results showed that the differences of the desk-chair corresponded to the height of most students except some short girl students, and the distance between desk and chair for the desk with chair attached was too far to coordinate to the stature of most students. It is suggested that further distance, smaller surface fo chair and no angle of elevation in the desk with unfolding chair attached should be fallen into disuse.