论以人为中心疗法的灵魂

On the soul of the man-centered psychotherapy

任何一种心理治疗方法都有自己的灵魂,以人为中心疗法的灵魂是引导来访者找回真实自我。来访者丧失真实自我的原因,在于他们把别人的价值观念,内化成为自我价值观念的一部份,形成一种虚假的自我,用以指导自己的言行举止。他们长期带着这种虚假自我的假面具,在价值条件的作用下,痛苦地生活着。他们非常渴望摆脱这种角色,找回真实的自我,过着真实自我的生活,然而绞尽脑汁却山重水复。以人为中心疗法要求咨询师,表达与来访者的共情,建立平等良好的关系,创造一个来访者想说什么,就说什么,想干什么,就干什么的安全自由氛围。从而,使咨询师领悟来访者虚假自我和真实自我的准确含义,进一步引导来访者也在柳暗花明中有所领悟,最后,找回真实的自我。

Any psychotherapy has its own soul. The soul of man-centered psychotherapy is to help the clients to find their true egos. Due to their internalization of others＇ notions of the world into part of theirs, they lose themselves with the result of fake selves to conduct themselves. Under the mask of fake selves, they live painfully. Although they are eager to find their real egos and lead real lives, they often fail to do it. The man-centered psychotherapy requests the counselors to establish the harmonious relationship by empathy and create a safe and free environment where the clients can talk and act freely. Therefore, the counselors can perceive the accurate conditions of the clients＂ fake and real selves and help the clients to perceive it too and to find their real selves.