地质工程的研究现状及其风险表现

Review of research and risk of Geological Engineering

地质工程学在工程地质学研究的基础上发展起来,是工程地质学的新拓展,本文对其国内外研究的现状作了进一步的分析和总结,认为它是研究一个工程系统与诸多自然系统如何实现最佳耦合的一门学科,是在认识自然环境的基础上改造与保护自然环境,实现工程与环境的有机结合,它强调的是以工程措施对地质环境进行改造,并重视对技术方法和作用效果的研究。作者在分析地质工程研究现状的基础上,从工程实践的角度,探讨了地质工程的应用领域范围并把它分为:地下建筑地质工程、地面建筑地质工程和区域地质环境治理工程三大类型。文章认为整个地质工程系统具有时间维度和空间维度两大基本特征,在时间维度上主要表现为自然系统的客观存在性和人们认知能力的有限性,在空间维度上主要表现为系统作用域的风险性,在此基础上进一步探讨了其风险特征。

Geological engineering is a newly explored sub-system of Engineering Geology. Based on research to global research upon the topic, the paper believes that purpose of the subject is to study the optimal coupling between one engineering system and multiple natural systems; as well as to achieve comprehensive combination of engineering and environment by environmental reconstructing and protecting with recognition to the natural environment as fundamental. Geological engineering focuses on geological environment reconstruction with engineering measures and research on technical skills and effects. Based on analysis to current geological engineering studies, the paper discussed the applicable area of the subject and divided it into three major sections from the respect of engineering practice - underground construction geological engineering, ground construction geological engineering and regional environment management engineering. The paper claims that geological engineering system contains two intrinsic characters of time dimension and space dimension. Time dimension stands for the subjective existence of natural system and the limitation of human awareness; while spaces dimension the risk of the influence of the system. The paper also discusses the essentials and features of system risk.