北京市社区妇女人乳头瘤病毒感染率及其对HPV和疫苗认知情况的调查分析

An Investigation of HPV Prevalence among Women Living in Beijing and Their Cognition and Attitude Toward HPV and HPV Vaccine

[目的]评估北京市社区妇女人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染率;调查社区人群对HPV的认知情况以及对HPV疫苗接种的态度。[方法]采用横断面调查方法,对北京市展览路社区15￣54岁女性进行HPV认知和流行病学问卷调查,并留取了宫颈脱落细胞或会阴部标本进行HPV DNA检测。[结果]1013名女性接受了问卷调查,832例HPV DNA检测结果纳入了统计学分析。HPV总检出率为15.38%,高、低危型HPV感染率分别为13.34%和3.25%,同时感染高、低危型HPV的检出率为1.20%。1013名调查对象中有30.7%听说过HPV,其中51.78%知道HPV感染与宫颈癌有关;HPV的知晓率与年龄和教育程度有关(P<0.05);经过简单宣教后,75.91%愿意接种HPV疫苗。[结论]北京市社区妇女HPV现患率较高,对HPV的知晓率也较高。开展公众健康教育,提高人群的认识水平是疫苗计划获得成功的关键因素。

[Purpose] To evaluate HPV prevalence in women living in Beijing and to investigate their cognition and attitude toward HPV and HPV vaccine. [Methods] Cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the women aged 15-54 living in Zhanlanlu Community,Beijing by epidemiological questionnaires. Cervical or vaginal samples were collected for HPV DNA test. [Results] One thousand and thirteen women underwent interviews,832 samples were tested for HPV DNA. The overall HPV positive rate was 15.38%. HR-HPV and LR-HPV prevalence rates were 13.29% and 3.25%,respectively. Infection rate for both HR-HPV and LR-HPV was 1.20%. Among the 1 013 subjects,30.7% of them had heard of HPV,51.78% knew that HPV infection is related to cervical cancer; HPV cognition rate is associated with age and educational level （P〈0.05）. After educational instruction,75.91% of them showed their willingness to accept vaccination. [Conclusion] The HPV prevalence rate in women in Beijing community is comparatively high and so is the HPV cognition rate. Public health education is necessary to increase the awareness of the population and is essential to the introduction of HPV vaccine.