麦草阳离子型吸附剂的合成及对硝酸根的去除

Preparation of Anion Exchangers from Wheat Straw and Removal of NO_3^- by Modified Wheat Straw

以环氧氯丙烷为醚化剂,二甲胺为反应剂,对麦草秸秆改性合成阳离子型吸附剂。该文以改性后产物对NO3-的去除率为指标,分别考察了制备过程中单一影响因素,并结合正交实验得出影响因素结论与最佳改性条件。实验结果表明,催化时间是影响麦草秸秆改性效果的主要因素,麦草投加量、催化剂用量、二甲胺用量、活化反应和反应时间是次要因素;最佳改性条件为,当固定环氧氯丙烷和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺分别为20 mL和25 mL时,麦草投加量是2 g,催化剂用量是15 mL,二甲胺用量是30 mL,活化时间1 h,催化时间1 h,反应时间3 h。在此条件下硝酸根的去除率可达78.13%。

Wheat straw was modified into anion exchanger for the removal of nitrate by using epichlorohydrin as etherifying agent and dimethylamine as aminating agent. Catalysis time is the main factor that affects the efficiency of modification, while activation time, reaction time, and the amounts of wheat straw, catalyzer, and dimethylamine are the minor factors. The best reaction parameters are wheat straw 2 g,epichlorohydrin 20 mL, dimethylformamide 25 mL, catalyzer 15 mL, dimethylamine 30 mL, activation time 1 h,catalysis time 1 h and reaction time 3 h. The nitrate removal rate was 78.13% if the product was prepared under this condition.