论被害人过错影响定罪量刑的根据

Comment on the Basis of Victims' Fault Influencing Conviction and Sentencing

被害人过错影响定罪量刑的根据,西方有责任分担说和谴责性降低说两种学说。责任分担说从分析造成客观危害的原因入手,引出了被害人过错应当分担部分责任的结论;谴责性降低说着眼于加害人的主观面,提出了被害人过错会导致加害人应受谴责性降低的观点。两种学说均只揭示了事物的一个方面,并存在缺陷。主客观相统一是现代刑法的主轴,只有既重视主观又强调客观才能完整地说明被害人过错影响定罪量刑的根据。

On the basis of victim＇ s fault influencing conviction and sentencing, scholars in the West counties proposed two theories, the shared responsibility doctrine and the offender＇s culpability mitigated. By analyzing the causes the shared responsibility doctrine draws a conclusion that the victims should share responsibility. The latter focuses on the offender, and puts forward the viewpoint that the victim＇s fault mitigates the offender＇ s culpability. Both theories take a one-sided approach to the problem. Only by combining the two theories, can we completely explain the basis of victim＇ s fault impacting conviction and sentencing.