皮尔士对于心理主义的符号学批判及其实用主义效应

Peirce's Semiotic Criticism of Psychologism and Pragmatic Effects

反心理主义是现代西方哲学的共同主张,皮尔士是这一主张的最早倡导者之一。他从符号学的角度出发,对以笛卡尔为代表的近代心理主义哲学进行了深入的批判,其主要观点是:思维不可能从没有前提处开始;内在直观并不是自明的;不存在非符号化的思想等。皮尔士的这些观点在"语言学转向"之后的现代哲学中有着广泛的共鸣。更值得注意的是,它们也在实用主义的发展过程中得到了继承和光大。

Anti-psychologism is a common proposition in modern western philosophy. Pierce is one of first initiators. From the semiotic perspective, he profoundly criticized modern psychologism represented by Descartes. His main points can be summarized as follows： thought can not start without preconditions; inner intuition is not self-evident; there is no non-symbolic thought. All of these ideas have gained extensive support from contemporary western philosophy after ＂Linguistic Turn＂. It is especially noteworthy that they are also inherited and elaborated in the development of neo-pragmatism.