转型经济国家银行竞争力的比较研究

A Comparison Study on Banking Competitiveness in Transition Countries

转型经济国家银行改革已经走过18个年头,各国初始条件、改革方式、改革过程都不尽相同,因此改革成果也千差万别。本文在借鉴波特竞争力理论、CAMEL指标框架以及欧洲复兴开发银行转型报告(Transition Report EBRD)相关指标的基础上,构建了银行竞争力的指标体系,并对影响中东欧和独联体转型经济国家银行竞争力的要素进行了考察与比较。结果显示:中东欧转型经济国家银行竞争力总体上强于独联体转型经济国家,而宏观经济表现、改革方式的选择、银行所有权结构以及政府行为的差异是造成两类国家差距的主要原因。

The banking reform in transition countries has been for 18 years.The different initial conditions,reform approaches and reform processes led to different consequences.This paper constructs an indicator framework to evaluate the banking competitiveness of transition countries based on Porter's theory,CAMEL system and Transition Report of EBRD.A comparative study is made to analyse the banking competitiveness of CEE and CIS countries.The conclusion showes that CEE countries' banking competitiveness is stronger than that of CIS countries as a whole.The macroeconomic performance,reform approach,ownership structure as well as the government behavior may be the main reasons that explain the gap between the two kinds of transition economies.