医务人员个性特征与心理健康相关性研究

Study on the Relationship between Personality and Mental Health of Medical Staff

目的研究医务人员个性特征与心理健康的关系,为有针对性的对医务人员开展心理健康教育和有关部门在制定相关政策时提供依据和参考。方法用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ成人型)对东莞市厚街镇644名医务人员进行心理健康状况调查。结果医务人员SCL-90各因子中躯体化、人际关系、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子与中国常模相比差异有统计学意义;EPQ评分P、E、N及L分与中国常模相比差异均有统计学意义;EPQ量表的N分和P分与SCL-90各因子分存在正相关关系;有明显心理健康问题者的N分和P分均较高;不同个性类型明显心理健康问题的检出率间的差异有统计学意义,检出率从高到低顺次的个性类型为内向不稳定型、外向不稳定型、外向稳定型和内向稳定型。结论医护人员心理卫生水平总体较好,其个性特征与心理健康状况关系密切,具有神经质倾向、精神质倾向、性格内向的个性特征者容易出现不良心理体验,应重视和关注医务人员的心理健康问题。

Objective To study the correlation between personality and mental health of medical staff, and to provide reference for psychological counseling and interventions. Methods Self-evaluated Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL- 90） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ-aduh） were used to evaluate the personality and mental health of 644 medical staff. Results There are significant difference between the medical staff and control subjects in somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, phobia, paranoia and psychosis. The scores of EPQ-P, EPQ-N and EPQ-L obtained from medical staff were lower than the scores obtained from the control subjects. The scores of EPQ-E were significant higher in medical staff than the control. The scores of EPQ-P and EPQ-N were positively correlated with all factors listed in SCL-90. Individuals with psychological problems had a higher EPQ-N and EPQ-P scores. Individuals with certain special personality tended to have psychological problems. The detected rate of these problems was in the order of introversion and neuroticism 〉 extraversion and neuroticism 〉 introversion and stability 〉 extraversion and stability. Conclusion Mental health of the general medical staff was found to be satisfactory. The personality is correlated with the status of their mental health. Individuals with neuroticism, psychoticism and introversion tends to have unhealthy mental reaction and can easily be identified. Attention should be paid to the staff with mental health problems.