政府环境责任与《环境保护法》的修改

Government's Environmental Responsibility and the Modification of the Environmental Protection Law

我国环境法律施行效果不理想的重要原因是政府环境责任的缺失,应当将《环境保护法》的修改和这一现状的改变结合起来,在《环境保护法》中强化政府环境责任。笔者分析了为什么要强调政府在环境保护中的责任,介绍了美、日、俄的环境基本法在政府环境责任方面值得借鉴的规定。鉴于我国的国情,《环境保护法》应当规定积极和消极两个层面的政府环境责任,重点构建积极层面的政府环境责任体系:提供环境公共产品(服务),执行各项决策的环境影响评价,环境信息公开。

The imperfection of the government environmental responsibility is a key reason of the deficiency of the environmental law＇s effectiveness. The modification of The Environmental Protection Law should strengthen the government＇s environmental responsibility to change this current situation. According to the concept of government＇s responsibility, this paper analyzes the importance of the government＇s environmental responsibility and introduces the legislation experiences of United States, Japan and Russia. Owing to our nation＇s conditions, The Environmental Protection Law should set down the government＇s environmental responsibility on both positive and negative levels. The paper also makes the positive government＇s environmental responsibility as the emphasis. The provision of the environmental public products （services）, the performance of environmental impact assessment in making each government decision and the publication of environmental information are involved in this system.