维持性血液透析患者的心理健康状态调查与心理干预

Mental health survey and psychological intervention in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的:了解维持性血液透析患者的心理健康状态,为其患者进行及时有效的心理干预提供科学依据。方法:采用量表(SCL-90,HAMA,HAMD,SSPS)对100例维持性血液透析患者进行心理问卷调查研究,检出患者的不同心理障碍程度,根据存在的不同心理问题,给予有针对性的人性化的心理干预。结果:经过1个月透析后问卷调查显示84%的患者存在不同程度的心理障碍。心理干预前,患者SCL-90评分与全国常模进行比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);干预后,患者SCL-90评分与全国常模进行相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.1)。结论:根据不同程度的心理问题,有针对性的进行心理干预,能使维持性血液透析患者对生活态度明显改善,提高血液透析的治疗效果及生活质量。

Objective：To understand the mental health status in patients with maintenance hemodialysis, so as to provide a scientific basis for the patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and timely and effective psychological intervention.Methods：With the four kinds of international general scale（SCL-90, HAMA,HAMD and SSPS）, 100 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were performed for a psychological questionnaire surrey,and found out with different degrees of psychological disorder.The targeted psychological intervention of humanization was given according to the different psychological problems in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Results：One month after hemodialysis ,the results of questionnaire survey showed that there were 84% of the patients with various degrees of psychological disorder.The difference in the SCL-90 score of the patients before psychological intervention was significant compared with the national norm（P〈0.01）;but without difference between them after intervention（P〉0.1）.Concluslon： Carrying out targeted psychological intervention can obviously improve the attitude toward life in patients with maintenance hemodialysis,enhance the therapeutic effect of hemodialysis and improve the quality of life of this patients.