浅析恩施地区土家族鼠崇拜遗存及其文化意蕴

An Analysis of the Remains and Cultural Signification of the Rats Worship in EnshTujia Minority

在恩施地区土家族中存在民间故事《老鼠子嫁姑娘》、祀鼠日、洞鼠禁忌和鼠蛊等鼠崇拜遗存,其中包含了诸如生殖崇拜,祖神崇拜,忌鼠、媚鼠、敬鼠心理等文化意蕴。土家族鼠崇拜反映了土家族祖先信仰与生活状况,从中我们可以发现其起源与变迁的一般过程。

Tujia minority in Enshi region has had the remains of the rats worship, such as the folk story named ＂Rats marry daughter＂, having the day of sacrifice to rats, the taboo of the rat - in - the - hole, and seducing rats and so on. These folk customs have contained some cultural signification with the procreation cult, the ancestor - God cult and also the taboo of rats, flattering rats, showing respect for rats. Nowadays, we can discover the Tujia minority ancestor＇s belief and their living conditions at ancient times from the rats worship and also get an idea of the root and change of Tujia from this phennomenon.