铝电解槽铝液界面波动模型及数值模拟

Numerical Modeling of Metal Wave for Aluminum Reduction Cells

从研究铝电解槽铝液波动的机理出发,对铝液波动的机理进行了分类,并对每种铝液波动的不稳定性进行了详细地阐述。针对铝液波动的特点,提出了利用有限体积法求解控制方程的数值仿真方法,给出了铝液界面波动的控制方程和边界条件,模拟出行波和驻波对铝液波动的影响,对铝电解槽稳定性的设计作出了评价,对仿真结果进行了分析和讨论。仿真结果表明:320KA预焙铝电解槽的铝液波动不明显,整体表现稳定,波动周期为50秒,最大振幅为1cm;铝液界面的中部高,三个角部较低。铝液波动中存在有行波和驻波两种波,驻波出现在B侧角部,且较为稳定,行波的转播方向为从B侧向A侧。

The mechanisms of metal wave were classified and instabilities of metal wave were described proceeding from mechanism of metal wave for aluminum reduction cells. The numerical method of solving governing equations with finite-volume method was proposed according to the feature of metal wave. The governing equations of metal wave and its boundary conditions were given. The traveling wave and standing wave of metal wave were modeled and their effects on metal wave were analyzed. The designing level of stabilities of aluminum reduction cells was estimated. Finally the numerical results were analyzed and discussed. The results of indicate that the metal has small wave in 320 kA prebaked aluminum reduction cells and the metal is stable in the main. The period of metal wave is 50 seconds and the largest amplitude is 1 cm. The crest of metal wave is in the middle place of interface between metal and electrolyte. The wave trough of metal wave is in the comer of interface between metal and electrolyte. There are traveling wave and standing wave in metal waves. The standing wave appears in the comer of B-side in aluminum reduction cells and it is fairly stable. The traveling wave propagates from B-side to A-side in aluminum reduction cells.